# Copyright Contributors to the Pyro project.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
from functools import namedtuple, partial
from jax import random
from numpyro.distributions import constraints
from numpyro.distributions.transforms import biject_to
from numpyro.handlers import replay, seed, trace
from numpyro.infer.util import transform_fn
SVIState = namedtuple('SVIState', ['optim_state', 'rng_key'])
"""
A :func:`~collections.namedtuple` consisting of the following fields:
- **optim_state** - current optimizer's state.
- **rng_key** - random number generator seed used for the iteration.
"""
def _apply_loss_fn(loss_fn, rng_key, constrain_fn, model, guide,
args, kwargs, static_kwargs, params):
return loss_fn(rng_key, constrain_fn(params), model, guide, *args, **kwargs, **static_kwargs)
[docs]class SVI(object):
"""
Stochastic Variational Inference given an ELBO loss objective.
**References**
1. *SVI Part I: An Introduction to Stochastic Variational Inference in Pyro*,
(http://pyro.ai/examples/svi_part_i.html)
**Example:**
.. doctest::
>>> from jax import lax, random
>>> import jax.numpy as jnp
>>> import numpyro
>>> import numpyro.distributions as dist
>>> from numpyro.distributions import constraints
>>> from numpyro.infer import SVI, Trace_ELBO
>>> def model(data):
... f = numpyro.sample("latent_fairness", dist.Beta(10, 10))
... with numpyro.plate("N", data.shape[0]):
... numpyro.sample("obs", dist.Bernoulli(f), obs=data)
>>> def guide(data):
... alpha_q = numpyro.param("alpha_q", 15., constraint=constraints.positive)
... beta_q = numpyro.param("beta_q", 15., constraint=constraints.positive)
... numpyro.sample("latent_fairness", dist.Beta(alpha_q, beta_q))
>>> data = jnp.concatenate([jnp.ones(6), jnp.zeros(4)])
>>> optimizer = numpyro.optim.Adam(step_size=0.0005)
>>> svi = SVI(model, guide, optimizer, loss=Trace_ELBO())
>>> init_state = svi.init(random.PRNGKey(0), data)
>>> state = lax.fori_loop(0, 2000, lambda i, state: svi.update(state, data)[0], init_state)
>>> # or to collect losses during the loop
>>> # state, losses = lax.scan(lambda state, i: svi.update(state, data), init_state, jnp.arange(2000))
>>> params = svi.get_params(state)
>>> inferred_mean = params["alpha_q"] / (params["alpha_q"] + params["beta_q"])
:param model: Python callable with Pyro primitives for the model.
:param guide: Python callable with Pyro primitives for the guide
(recognition network).
:param optim: an instance of :class:`~numpyro.optim._NumpyroOptim`.
:param loss: ELBO loss, i.e. negative Evidence Lower Bound, to minimize.
:param static_kwargs: static arguments for the model / guide, i.e. arguments
that remain constant during fitting.
:return: tuple of `(init_fn, update_fn, evaluate)`.
"""
def __init__(self, model, guide, optim, loss, **static_kwargs):
self.model = model
self.guide = guide
self.loss = loss
self.optim = optim
self.static_kwargs = static_kwargs
self.constrain_fn = None
[docs] def init(self, rng_key, *args, **kwargs):
"""
:param jax.random.PRNGKey rng_key: random number generator seed.
:param args: arguments to the model / guide (these can possibly vary during
the course of fitting).
:param kwargs: keyword arguments to the model / guide (these can possibly vary
during the course of fitting).
:return: tuple containing initial :data:`SVIState`, and `get_params`, a callable
that transforms unconstrained parameter values from the optimizer to the
specified constrained domain
"""
rng_key, model_seed, guide_seed = random.split(rng_key, 3)
model_init = seed(self.model, model_seed)
guide_init = seed(self.guide, guide_seed)
guide_trace = trace(guide_init).get_trace(*args, **kwargs, **self.static_kwargs)
model_trace = trace(replay(model_init, guide_trace)).get_trace(*args, **kwargs, **self.static_kwargs)
params = {}
inv_transforms = {}
# NB: params in model_trace will be overwritten by params in guide_trace
for site in list(model_trace.values()) + list(guide_trace.values()):
if site['type'] == 'param':
constraint = site['kwargs'].pop('constraint', constraints.real)
transform = biject_to(constraint)
inv_transforms[site['name']] = transform
params[site['name']] = transform.inv(site['value'])
self.constrain_fn = partial(transform_fn, inv_transforms)
return SVIState(self.optim.init(params), rng_key)
[docs] def get_params(self, svi_state):
"""
Gets values at `param` sites of the `model` and `guide`.
:param svi_state: current state of the optimizer.
"""
params = self.constrain_fn(self.optim.get_params(svi_state.optim_state))
return params
[docs] def update(self, svi_state, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Take a single step of SVI (possibly on a batch / minibatch of data),
using the optimizer.
:param svi_state: current state of SVI.
:param args: arguments to the model / guide (these can possibly vary during
the course of fitting).
:param kwargs: keyword arguments to the model / guide (these can possibly vary
during the course of fitting).
:return: tuple of `(svi_state, loss)`.
"""
rng_key, rng_key_step = random.split(svi_state.rng_key)
loss_fn = partial(_apply_loss_fn, self.loss.loss, rng_key_step, self.constrain_fn, self.model,
self.guide, args, kwargs, self.static_kwargs)
loss_val, optim_state = self.optim.eval_and_update(loss_fn, svi_state.optim_state)
return SVIState(optim_state, rng_key), loss_val
[docs] def evaluate(self, svi_state, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Take a single step of SVI (possibly on a batch / minibatch of data).
:param svi_state: current state of SVI.
:param args: arguments to the model / guide (these can possibly vary during
the course of fitting).
:param kwargs: keyword arguments to the model / guide.
:return: evaluate ELBO loss given the current parameter values
(held within `svi_state.optim_state`).
"""
# we split to have the same seed as `update_fn` given an svi_state
_, rng_key_eval = random.split(svi_state.rng_key)
params = self.get_params(svi_state)
return self.loss.loss(rng_key_eval, params, self.model, self.guide,
*args, **kwargs, **self.static_kwargs)